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INSTITUTION TYPES & CREDENTIALS
Types of higher education institutions:
University
Institute
Polytechnic
Teacher-Training College
School leaving and higher education credentials:
Baccaluria
Bachelor's Degree
Master's Degree
Doctor's Degree
STRUCTURE OF EDUCATION SYSTEM
Pre-higher education:
Duration of compulsory education:
Age of entry:
6
Age of exit:
12
Structure of school system:
Primary
Type of school providing this education:
Primary School
Length of program in years:
6
Age level from:
7 to: 13
Middle Secondary
Type of school providing this education:
Middle School
Length of program in years:
3
Age level from:
13 to: 16
Upper Secondary
Type of school providing this education:
High School
Length of program in years:
3
Age level from:
16 to: 19
Certificate/diploma awarded:
Baccaluria
School education:
Primary education lasts for six years. Admission to secondary
education is based on an entrance examination. Secondary education
covers six years divided into two three-year cycles: grades 7 to 9,
studied at middle school (Maktabeh Motevaseteh), and grades 10 to 12
at high school (Doreyeh Aali). At the end of the first cycle, pupils
sit for an examination. At the end of the second cycle, they sit for
the Baccaluria. Technical secondary education is offered in the
lower and upper secondary cycle at middle schools in such subjects
as Commerce, Applied Arts, Teacher Training, Agriculture and
Aeronautics. Courses lead to a Baccaluria level qualification. A
structure of eight years of general basic education followed by four
years of secondary education had been introduced for a few years
during the educational reform of 1975. Such a structure will
probably be reconsidered in the near future.
Higher education:
Higher education is mainly provided by six universities (including a
University of Islamic Studies), one Agricultural Institute, one
Polytechnic, one State Medical Institute and teacher training
colleges. For the last five years higher education had been
forbidden for girls in the areas controlled by the Talibans. For the
first time in February 2002, with the assistance of Unesco, more
than 1000 women students took university entrance examinations.
Academic year:
Classes from:
Mar to: Jan
Languages of instruction:
Persian, Pashto/Pushto, English
Stages of studies:
Non-university level post-secondary studies (technical/vocational
type):
Non-university level:
Vocational education, part of which is at post-secondary level, is
offered in Technicums which train executives. They admit graduates
of eighth grade, aged 14 to 16, and train them for six years in
specific fields. Graduates of these institutions are recognized as
holding qualifications equivalent to those of post-secondary
education. There are also Institutes of Banking, Finance, Industrial
Management and Telecommunications, as well as technical colleges.
University level studies:
University level first stage:
Bachelor's Degree:
The first stage of higher education leads, in Arts, Education,
Social Science, Science and Agriculture, to the award of the
Bachelor's Degree after four years (Engineering, Veterinary
Medicine, five years; Medicine, seven years (including one year
pre-medical and one year internship)).
University level second stage:
Master's Degree:
A further stage leads after two years' study following upon the
Bachelor's Degree (three to four years in Medicine) to the Master's
Degree. There is an entrance examination. Candidates for
postgraduate studies must have obtained very high Bachelor grades
and passed an entrance examination.
University level third stage:
Doctorate:
Programmes leading to a Doctorate (Doctori) in Architecture, Arts,
Engineering, Natural Sciences and Social Sciences are conferred
after three years' study following upon the Master's Degree.
Teacher education:
Training of pre-primary and primary/basic school teachers
Primary school teachers are trained for two years in Teacher
Training Colleges on completion of upper secondary school.
Training of secondary school teachers
Lower/middle school teachers follow a two-year course after grade 12
at a higher Teacher Training College. High school teachers follow a
four-year Degree course, selected graduates of the Teacher Training
Colleges being admitted to the last two years.
Training of higher education teachers
Higher education teachers possess a Bachelor's or a Master's
Degrees or a Doctorate. In the country, they can study for a
Master's Degree in the pedagogical institutes. There are three
categories of teachers, depending on seniority and experience:
assistant, associate professor and professor.
NATIONAL
BODIES
Administration & co-ordination:
Responsible authorities:
Ministry of Higher Education
Head: Sharif Fayez, Minister
Kabul
Afghanistan
Tel:
46-73004-4489 (mobile)
ADMISSIONS
TO HIGHER EDUCATION
Admission to non university higher education studies
Name of secondary school credential required:
Baccaluria
Admission to university-level studies
Name of secondary school credential required:
Baccaluria
STUDENT
LIFE
Student expenses and financial aid
Student costs:
Home students tuition fees: Minimum:
0 (Afghani)
Publications on student services and financial aid:
Title:
The University Catalogue
Publisher:
Kabul University
GRADING SYSTEM
Usual grading system in secondary school
Full Description:
0-100. Marking is on a percentage scale: 40 per cent is the minimum
pass mark for individual subjects; the minimum average is 55 per
cent of the sum of the highest marks for all subjects.
Highest on scale:
100
Pass/fail level:
40/55
Lowest on scale:
0
Main grading system used by higher education institutions
Full Description:
0-100: Alaa: 100-86%; Aali: 85-66%; Khoob: 65-50%.Marking is on a
percentage scale: 40 per cent is the minimum pass mark for
individual subjects; the minimum average is 55 per cent of the sum
of the highest marks for all subjects.
Highest on scale:
100
Pass/fail level:
40/55
Lowest on scale:
0
NOTES ON HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM
Data for academic year:
2001-2002
Source:
International Association of Universities (IAU), updated from Unesco
sources, 2002 |